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WHAT DOES BEING HUMAN MEAN?

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Authored by HARI RAAM

Our Planet is about 4.5 billion years old and we humans appeared on it just 2,00,000 years ago .

Our world and her countless species are part of an incredibly long and dynamic evolution, where we humans entered after a long period of time and played a very small role to this day.

We all are members of the same anatomically modern human race, Homo sapiens who live in different parts of the world. Homo sapiens is a Latin term that means "thinking man." There are 180 species of primates which means they are the highest order of mammals and Homo sapiens is one of them. They share certain traits with other mammals, but they still have their distinct characteristics.

The mechanism of human evolution can be established as the effects of key biological markers such as increased brain size, improvements in pelvic structure, and the beginnings of bipedalism, which means they walk upright on two legs rather than four legs, Their legs are longer than their arms as an adaptation to bipedalism and their backbone is shaped like  S and dental structure alteration due to evolving food habits. Because of their broad thumb, which can rotate around a 45-degree angle, their hands are well adapted for gripping.

In comparison to other species, human babies are born with undeveloped brains that are only 25% of full adult size and remain vulnerable and dependent on maternal care for a very long time.

Amongst other aspects, the evolution of homo sapiens is an increase in brain size and increasing brain size can be associated with increased memory storage, learning skills, and more complicated behavior. Modern humans average brain size is 1450 cc compared with 393.8 cc chimpanzees. The problem, however, is not one of brain size or weight, but of brain size and weight in proportion to total body size. An elephant's brain is more than three times the weight of a human brain; that doesn't make the elephant more intelligent than us. Similarly, men's brains appear to be larger on average than women's, this does not imply that men are inherently smarter than women. Most female mammals are sexually active only during short periods known as estrus, this cycle does not exist in human females.

Human-ness encompasses both cultural and biological traits, which have always been interdependent. All species adapt to their surroundings and communicate with their environment but human cultures are more likely to exploit and change their world by developing specialized technologies. Humans are capable of producing specialized and standardized instruments, based on studies, it has been argued that even chimpanzees and orangutans can create and use basic tools. Orangutans can learn to communicate by using symbols. However, there is no question that human thinking ability much exceeds that of members of the ape family.

Human social behavior and cultural structures are much more dynamic and diversified than apes. The organizing and delimiting of living spaces, symbolic thinking, and speech expressed in sculpture, ceremonial, or other features of human behavior include ritual practice and thoughts on the identification of individuals and groups.

Anthropologists claim that while anatomically modern humans appeared nearly 2,00,000 years ago on earth but fully modern people, that is those whose behavior in these above-mentioned senses can be defined as humans who appeared approximately 50,000 years ago.

Humans like to believe that they have always been the center of the universe, but science has shown otherwise, we humans have always played a small part in this world.

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